Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are some of the most powerful and energetic explosions in the universe. They are characterized by short bursts of gamma-ray radiation that last anywhere from a few milliseconds to several minutes. GRBs can originate from a variety of astronomical events, including the collapse of massive stars, the merger of binary neutron stars, or the collision of a neutron star with a black hole. GRBs are divided into two main categories: long-duration bursts, which last longer than two seconds and are thought to be associated with the collapse of massive stars, and short-duration bursts, which last less than two seconds and are thought to be associated with neutron star mergers. Studying GRBs is important for understanding the processes involved in the formation and evolution of massive stars, as well as for gaining insight into the physics of extreme environments such as black holes and neutron stars. GRBs are also used as cosmological probes, as they can provide information about the early universe and the properties of dark matter and dark energy. Overall, research on gamma-ray bursts is a rapidly evolving field that continues to provide new insights into some of the most violent and energetic events in the universe.